Chirp 1 Ap Chapter 1 - 1235 Words

â€Å"So let’s say this is Zephyr running around terrorizing the town and supposedly kill two people what are we supposed to do?† Zay asked. â€Å"What are you getting at?† Todrick implied as he shifted through his parents drawers grabbing anything that he knew was silver. â€Å"Well I mean what if he’s gone?† Todrick stopped what he was doing and looked at Zay. He didn’t know what to say as it wasn’t something he had thought about. â€Å"I mean I know it’s a scary thought but come on Tod, he killed two people. Even if we somehow managed to get him back he did things that’ll get him put up.† Zay continued. â€Å"I see where you’re coming from but we have to at least try to save him. It’s the least i owe him for turning him into this and then abandoning him.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The boys jumped back and Todrick lost his footing, falling back. Zay tried to grab him but the wolf snapped his teeth in his direction. Zay quickly fell back and Todrick just sat there face to face with the wolf. â€Å"Zephyr?† Todrick said softly. The wolf snarled. â€Å"Zephyr if that is you please listen to me. I’m so sorry,† Todrick started, â€Å"I abandoned you when you needed me most but i didn’t know what to do. I thought i had lost you and I didn’t know how i was going to recover. I didn’t know what to tell anyone and I hated the thought of working so hard for something that not only failed but took my best friend.† The wolf continued advancing toward Todrick. â€Å"Whatever happens I completely deserve but if there is any chance of helping you and turning you back then I want to help you.† He finished. The wolf stopped just inches away from Todrick. Suddenly sirens erupted around the corner and swarmed around Todrick and the wolf. The wolf quickly turned his attention to the cars that screeched to a stop. Men in padded uniforms stepped out with weapons that ordinary police officers didn’t carry around. Todrick got up quickly, â€Å"Sir step away we have animal control here ready to put this beast down.† Todrick quickly stepped in front of the wolf, unaware of how close he was until he felt the hot breath down his back. â€Å"Wait, don’t shoot!† Todrick called out holding up both of his hands. â€Å"I know this is all out of the ordinaryShow MoreRelated_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pages94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08 07 ExamView  ® and ExamView Pro  ® are registered trademarks of FSCreations, Inc. Windows is

Character Analysis Yellow Wallpaper - 1146 Words

Character Analysis Essay English 1002 Rodems February 7, 2011 The Yellow Wallpaper Many people deal with post-traumatic depression and it can have a huge impact on one’s life. In the short story by Charlotte Perkins Gillman, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, the main character, as well as the narrator, is an unnamed woman dealing with post-traumatic depression. The exceptionally imaginative protagonist’s metamorphosis is due to her isolated confinement in a room with â€Å"yellow wallpaper† in order for her to recover from depression. This type of treatment is prescribed by her physician and husband, John, whose controlling personality demands the main character to get bed rest in a secluded room and forbid her to participate in any creative†¦show more content†¦However, due to the narrator’s â€Å"imaginative power and habit of story-making†, her husband tells her, â€Å"a nervous weakness like mine is sure to lead to all manner of excited fancies, and that I ought to use my will and good sense to check the tendency, so I try.† (439). Being forbidden to have an imagination leaves the narrator emotionally distressed and irritated with feelings of oppression, but she ignores her husband’s ideas and occupies her imagination with the yellow wallpaper that surrounds the room, developing some sort of relationship with it that allows her to confess her suppressed feelings. As the protagonist suffers from her â€Å"nervous condition†, the isolated environment causes her to only get worse. Being trapped in the bedroom with yellow wallpaper contributes her emotional distress to become overpowering. The inability to verbally express her feelings of loneliness causes her to write in a more creative way about her relationships with objects in the room, specifically the yellow wallpaper. She begins to write about the yellow wallpaper as if it is suppose to have some sort of significance, in which it does. In the beginning of the narrator’s isolation, her attention is focused on the details of the yellow wallpaper’s pattern that are â€Å"dull enough to confused the eye in following, pronounced enough constantly to irritate and provoke study† (438). The wallpaper’s characteristics become hard toShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Repressing The Yellow Wallpaper 1520 Words   |  7 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper In her story, The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman expresses exasperation towards the separate male and female roles expected of her society, and the evident repressed rights of a woman versus the active duties of a man. The story depicts the methods taken to cure a woman of her psychological state during Gilman’s time, and delineates the dominant cure of the time period, â€Å"the resting cure,† which encouraged the restraint of the imagination (The Yellow Wallpaper: LookingRead MoreCharacter Analysis : Character s Behavior1377 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter analysis is the critical evaluation of a character’s behavior, role in the story and the struggles they experience as the story unfolds (Fleming). The character in a story is normally described in detail, meaning that the reader knows their age, ethnicity, and distinctive physical features important to the story line. Analyzing the character’s behavior, personality, motivation and relations hip with others enables one understand the external and internal qualities (Fleming). The characterRead Moreâ€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper† an Opinion on the Critical Essay â€Å"Haunted House/Haunted Heroine: Female Gothic Closets in â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬  by Carol Margaret Davison1177 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† An opinion on the critical essay â€Å"Haunted House/Haunted Heroine: Female Gothic Closets in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬  by Carol Margaret Davison Rebecca Olds V00698066 English 125 Y. Levin April 2nd, 2009 â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a short story written in the late 1800’s about a woman with post-partum depression who becomes increasingly mad because of society’s, as well as her husband’s, repression. The critical essay â€Å"Haunted House/HauntedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper, has an autobiographical element to it. It was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The piece of work concentrates on many different aspects of literature. The Yellow Wallpaper, has an autobiographical element to it. It was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The piece of work concentrates on many different aspects of literature. It can be evaluated with ten different types of literary criticism: formalist, biographical, historical, psychological, mythological,Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1143 Words   |  5 Pagesindependence and how women of Victorian times suffered from this lack of rights. In her short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman conveys her views on feminism and how women are treated through characters who represent this treatment. The characters she uses help the reader really get drawn into her story; keeping them intrigued. Gilman’s short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written in 1891; during the Victorian era. This story is about a woman suffering from a mental illnessRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1271 Words   |  6 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman, author of the novel entitled, The Yellow Wallpaper significantly used the aspects of literature such as genre, stance, and register to express the social message concerning the sufferings that women undergo in their daily affairs. However, most of the females do not have control over the challenges that develop in their surroundings. Gilman also uses the book to entertain the society members thus providing relief to the readers. In essence, the author of the novel aboveRead MoreConcentrated Analysis of the Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in Light of the Critical Theory Infection in the Sentence: the Woman Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship Written by Gilbert and Gubar.1126 Words   |  5 Pa gesThis paper will involve concentrated analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in light of the critical theory Infection in the Sentence: The Woman Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship written by Gilbert and Gubar. The theory provided in Infection in the Sentence: The Woman Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship will be briefly discussed in relation to The Yellow Wallpaper’s main heroine character and functionality of a madwoman in the fiction. This critical theory provides a perfectRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper Essay : Importance Of Identity And Self Expression1707 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Identity and Self Expression in The Yellow Wallpaper In the article â€Å"‘Too Terribly Good to Be Printed’: Charlotte Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper,’† Conrad Shumaker explains the genius of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and how its themes reflect the patriarchal society of the time period. Shumaker identifies one theme as the detriment of suppressing the narrator’s sense of self and that â€Å"by trying to ignore and repress her imagination, in short, John eventually brings about the very circumstanceRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper Analysis1164 Words   |  5 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper Analysis As I started reading this short story, it clearly introduced who the characters are and where it took place. The narrator is a woman; she has no name, remains anonymous throughout the story. She lives with her husband John in a house. This house is isolated from society, since the short story indicates that it is far from village, roads or any means of communication. It also contains locks and gates throughout. The woman is ill and this illness has placed her inRead MoreAnalysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1269 Words   |  6 Pages15 February 2017 Analysis of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Life during the 1800s for a woman was rather distressing. Society had essentially designated them the role of being a housekeeper and bearing children. They had little to no voice on how they lived their daily lives. Men decided everything for them. To clash with society s conventional views is a challenging thing to do; however, Charlotte Perkins Gilman does an excellent job fighting that battle by writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† one of the most

Financial Analysis Report for For-U Jeans-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis Report for For-U Jeans. Answer: Project Back ground For-U Jeans is looking to target the increasing base of young customers who seek adventurous, fun clothes that they can identify with. The product department and the marketing department have come up with an idea to include customize the jeans that are sold, in order to make the jeans more personal and unique for their customers. It is hoped that once customers like the idea of customizing jeans, they would develop some brand loyalty and the idea of customization would hopefully lead them to purchase more jeans. This report is a financial report on the case. A Financial Report helps understand the total investment required during the life of a project, the total direct and direct costs associated with it and the total income that may be accrued over the life of the project. A financial case report gives an insight into the possibility of profits or losses that may be expected from a project so that managers can make better decisions. The Financial case project also contains the various alternatives available to managers to helps them make the right decisions. This report provides a brief analysis of the total costs associated with the project over the life of the project. The report also lists the various sources of revenue over the life of the project and the expected revenues from each of these sources. ( Public Sector Accounting Standards Board, 2001) Additionally, the report also provides an analysis of the financial possibilities on some key parameters like payback period, Net Present value, Internal Rate of Return and more.( Public Sector Accounting Standards Board, 2001) Hopefully, managers will be able to use this report as a guide to making financial decisions regarding investment in the project. The Customization Lab has very high investment costs and it is important to understand the future cash flows (and discounted cash flows) are worth the heavy investment made in the present year. The purpose of this appraisal is to evaluate whether the Customization Lab would be a good investment and add value to the line of products that For- U Jeans has on offer. The Customization Lab is being proposed as completely a digital venture. Customers will be able to select from various options online to personalize their jeans. Some of these customizations include a range of finishing touches such as scrape wash, blast wash, faded, rugged wash and scuffed. Once customers choose their favorite pair of jeans from the products on offer by For-U, they will able to customize it by selecting from a range of customizations. The Lab will exclusively focus on online sales at the moment. There will be no plans to introduce the custom labs in brick and mortar shops or other retail avenues. The value of this lab may include monetary and non-monetary benefits. Customization of Jeans will be a unique way to connect with new customers and offer variety to existing customers. It is expected that the new service on offer will help build some customer loyalty towards the brand by helping to portray the brand as fun, relatable brand. Additionally, it is hoped that sales of jeans offered by For-U Jeans currently will pick up due to the new services To complement this new line, the product department has also thought of introducing a new cost-effective line of jeans for consumers. It is hoped that the as customers visit the customization Lab, they will have an additional option of purchasing Freesom Jeans. The total cost of introducing this new line is $100,000. This will be a limited edition line called Freedom with only 2000 jeans for sale, each pair of jeans to be sold at $75. It is hoped that the jeans would be sold out within the first six months of the date of sale. The new line, even if the custom lab is not approved could still be an independent option to add to the existing line of products. The brand will not spend on advertisement or promotion of this new line, given that it is a cost effective and limited edition collection available only online. It is being introduced simply to attract new customers and provide some variety in price to the existing customers. Assumptions Made for Financial Analysis The expected demand has been projected based on market survey. This survey was done considering specifically targeting the demographic of 16- 32 years old male and female residents all over Australia. The survey showed that there is indeed a market for customized jeans. While making demand projections, consumer taste and preferences have been assumed to be constant. The charges for shipping the product to the consumer have been excluded as shipping charges will be counted at actual. Inflation analysis has not been included as the size of the project is currently not large enough and inflation is not expected to be a big factor. Inflations has been captured as the costs are increasing, in spite of the increasing number of customers. The costs of Jeans include the total costs including the costs of purchasing raw materials, costs of transport and warehousing, producing and packaging jeans etc. There are no additional costs to procurement of jeans. All costs have been converted into Australia Dollar and no currency exchange is required. This analysis gives a seven year return analysis for the project. The internal norms of the Company require, that for any venture to get approved , it must show returns greater than 14% per annum. This is the discount rate for the investment of the project. It is assumed that the customized lab will be able to meet the increased demand over the period of seven years. Diminishing returns are not taken into consideration while making this analysis. Depreciation is assumed to be straight line depreciation. Preliminary Risk Analysis A simple risk analysis exercise helps understand the basic risks that could possibly be related to the project and management. The method used here is the Preliminary Risk Analysis. Given below are the some of the key parameter on which the risks have been analysed.(Vesper, 2014) Risk Elements: These are the possible people or activities that could pose a threat to the project Consequence: Consequence refers to the chain of events that could occur , sh Likelihood: Likelihood refers to the chances of the occurrence of any risk event or risk element. In this analysis, likelihood can take the following values: Low,(1) medium (2), high (3) Severity of consequence: This refers to the potential for a negative impact. Severity can take four values: Insignificant (1), Low (2), Medium (3) High (4) Risk Score: This is the scale of risk. Risk Score = Likelihood X Severity. Risk Score can take values between 1 and 12, 1 symbolizing lower risks while 12 symbolizes high risks. (Vesper, 2014) Supply Chain Risks: (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These are risks related to the supply chain i.e the procurement of the goods from the market. Demand Risk: (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) Risk Element These typically relate to estimating demand wrongly and not preparing the supply chain accordingly Consequence: Underestimation of demand will lead to placing fewer orders. In, this may lead to inability to fulfill demand. In turn, that may lead to customers loss of potential revenues directly. Potential Causes: Lack of correct market information or analysis, Poor Decision making Likelihood: 2 Severity: 3 Risk Score: 6 Supply risks (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These risks depend on the supply structure and are mostly related to sourcing and outsourcing issues. Risk Elements Elements that could threaten the supply of products either from the raw material market to For- U jeans. The lack of regular supply could be due to a variety of factors such as unreliable suppliers, problems in transportation etc. Consequences Disturbances in supply can Raise the cost of goods Delay delivery to the customer which in turn would disrupt the fulfillment in demand. This in turn could affect revenues in monetary terms and brand value in non monetary terms. Likelihood: 2 Severity:2 Risk score:4 Process Risk (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These risks relate to the internal operation of the Company. The company should be able to handle the addition of a new department , new processes etc. There are several procedures that must be adjusted to the new addition to the Companys assets. For example, there would be issues relating to warehousing, transfer pricing and more. Risk Elements Lack of communication between managers. Time Lag to adjustment of all Company processes to the new addition Consequences Lack of communication could disturb the operations of the Company and affect efficiency in the given year. General Inefficiency Likelihood: 3 Severity: 3 Risk Scale: 9 Control Risks (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These risks relate to the moving parts of the network i.e the other network actors. This could lead to non-standardization of product as well as processes. Risk Elements Supplier risks would imply the provision of non-standard product. Operations risk would imply ht enon standardization of processes such as non-standard invoicing, non-standard merchandising and packaging etc. Risk Consequences This could increase the chance of consumer complaints, product returns etc. Operations Risk: This could lead to operational inefficiency Likelihood: 3 Severity: 3 Risk Scale: 9 Financial Risks (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These risks relate to the financial aspect of project management Risk Elements: Excess Costs: The actual costs could be greater than the projected costs Lower Revenues: The actual revenues could be lower than the projected revenues. Consequences Profit Margins could be hurt, leading to potential losses. Total Cash inflows could be lower, leading to potential losses Likelihood: 2 Severity: 3 Risk Scale: 6 Marketing Risks (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) These risks relate to the marketing and advertising of products. Risk Elements Lack of clarity in marketing Increase in budget of marketing costs Consequences The consumer may not receive the message of the brand clearly and it would directly affect revenues. The cost benefit balance would be overthrown. There may also, temporary liquidity issues in the marketing expenditure overshoots the budget. Likelihood: 2 Severity:2 Risk Scale: 4 Exogenous Risks Exogenous Risks are those risks that are a result of elements that are not within the network actors of the project. The likelihood and severity of these risks cannot be determined. Hence, they are not included in this analysis. Environmental: These risks relate to the environmental factors such as natural disasters etc. Risk Element: Disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes can disturb business as usual Consequence: Natural disasters can affect the supply chain, damage inventory, reduce demand temporarily Market Risks These are the risks related to the nature of the markets and are not a result of the actions of the firm or any of the network actors of the firm. Changes in tastes and Preferences of Consumers: Risk Element: Changing tastes and preferences may lead to declining demand of the products. The young group is especially prone to giving up on a fashion trend after a period of time. Consequences: If demand lowers, it could directly affect revenues. The investment could result in losses. Changes in consumer spending Changes in consumer habits are a significant risk category over the period of seven years. Risk Element Consumer spending may decline. Australia has one of the highest levels of household debts in the world, due to the availability of easy credit. The lack of availability of easy credit or the changes in spending habits of consumers may reduce demand for the product (Martino, Fera, RafaeleIannone, Miranda, 2017) Consequence Changes in spending habits may overthrow all projections and lead to an overall decline in revenues. Cash Flows Over the Life of the Project The lab will require an initial investment of $1,550,000 to establish the lab with a straight line basis depreciation for 10 years. As mentioned before, the cost of adding the Freedom line is $100,000. It is important to note here that the line will be introduced whether or not the Customization Lab is approved. It is expected that all the units of the Freedom jeans will be sold out during the first six months of introduction, at the price of AUD75. As service charges, every customer will be charged $40.00 as subscription for every year maximum up to three jeans. It is expected that, in the opening years, 36,000 customers from Australia will use the service. Based on some market research, the usage of services by customers is expected to increase by 10% per annum over the life of the lab. The firm does not expect to increase the price of the service over the seven years. It expects that there will be no change in the yearly subscription costs and subscription fee will remain at $40.00 per customer over the life of the lab. The custom lab is expected to increase the total sales of For-U Jeans by $600,000 in its first year of operation. The total amount of growth in sales is expected to increase at the rate of 12% p.er annum over the seven years. The total final costs of these jeans are 60% of the total revenue. No other costs are applicable: The fixed and variable costs for the lab are as follows: Personnel costs = AUD 800,000 Per Annum Cost of materials = AUD 200,000 Per Annum Other costs AUD 25000 per annum Marketing and Advertising Expenditure = AUD 46000 per annum. These costs will increase by 6% per annum over the life of the project. Financial Analysis Using the information above the cash flows can be calculated as follows: Depreciation has been included in costs and divided uniformly over the period of seven years Costs of Goods Sold Costs of Goods Sold is essential the total costs of manufacturing the product, from the factory to the outlet. (Seigel Shim, 2000). Costs of goods sold are all the Total Costs that are expected to be accrued over the period of the analysis. Here, the total costs for the project are added. The initial investment has been taken in to account by way of depreciation. Table 1 Total Cost of Goods Sold for the Project Per Year (in AUD) Year Total Costs of Customization per year (in AUD) Total Costs of Jeans Per Year (in AUD) Depreciation Per year (in AUD) Total Costs of Goods Sold Per Year (in AUD) 1 1071000 403200 221428.571428571 1695628.57142857 2 1135260 451584 221428.571428571 1808272.57142857 3 1203375.6 505774.08 221428.571428571 1930578.25142857 4 1275578.14 566466.972 221428.571428571 2063473.68342857 5 1352112.82 634443.006 221428.571428571 2207984.39742857 6 1433239.59 710576.166 221428.571428571 2365244.32742857 7 1433239.59 795845.304 221428.571428571 2450513.46542857 Profits and Profits After Tax Profits are takes as Revenues-Costs. However, given the effects of taxation, profits may not be a good measure to understand the value of investment. Hence, profits after tax are analysed. Profits after tax reflect the profits that would be accrued after the taxes would be paid. Table 2 Total Profits and Profit After Tax Per Year Year Total Revenues per year (in AUD) Total Costs per year (in AUD) Total Profits per year (in AUD) Profit After Tax per year (in AUD) 1 2112000 1695628.57142857 416371.42857143 291460.000000001 2 2336640 1808272.57142857 528367.42857143 369857.200000001 3 2585356.8 1930578.25142857 654778.54857143 458344.984000001 4 2860751.62 2063473.68342857 797277.93657143 558094.555600001 5 3165709.01 2207984.39742857 957724.61257143 670407.228800001 6 3503428.01 2365244.32742857 1138183.68257143 796728.577800001 7 3877456.84 2450513.46542857 1426943.37457143 998860.362200001 Annual Rate of Return (ARR) Accounting Rate of Return is a simple measure that depicts the rate of return without discounting for the discount rate i.e without taking into consideration the time value of the investment. Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) was calculated as Average Return over 7 years / Average Investment over 7 years (Seigel Shim, 2000) The Average Return was takes as the total Revenues over the period of seven years divided by 7. The Average Investment was taken as the total costs (Total Initial Investment + Total Costs Over Seven Years) and divided by 7. ARR = 0.25% Net Present Value Net Present Value gives an idea about the. Present Value of an Investment for a series of cash flows that will be accrued in the future.(Frederick, 1999) It takes into consideration the value of investment discounted at the desired Discount Rate (here taken as 14%). Discount Rate is that Rate of Return that is the assigned value for forgoing present consumption in favour of future returns. Here, the assigned value was taken at 14% Internal Rate of Return Internal Rate of Return is that Rate of Return, where the Net Present Value is reduced to Zero. It provides an idea about the idea of the attractiveness of a project. The Internal Rate of Return was calculated from a series of trial and error to observe at which percentage does the value of NPV come the nearest to zero. In order to calculate the Net Present Value, I used MSEcel and the NPV function. The cash flows were taken from the total Profits After Tax (Seigel Shim, 2000) in the corresponding year in MSExcel. Table 3 Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return When Customization services are priced at $40 Parameter Value Net Present Value $103,333.33 XIRR 10 Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity Analysis is used to measure the changes that would occur to the financial returns when some variables in the analysis are changed. For example, the addition of the new line of jeans, the Freedom Jeans will serve as an additional source of income for the Customization Lab. Similarly, changing the Annual subscription charged for Customization Services may change the Revenues. Hence, Sensitivity Analysis is performed in order to understand how given changes in some variables would change the financial outlook of the project. Here we have taken two analyses: Analysis for Freedom Jeans as a complimentary Good to the customization: The availability of cost effective jeans may attract customers. If Freedom Jeans are sold as a product as Customization Services are sold as as add on, it may spur the customers to try the services. However, the costs of the new line of products must be weighed against its benefits. Hence, the analysis given below is performed. Changing the prices of Customization Services: Customization Services are priced at AUD 40 , keeping in line the general trend in the market for such services. However, it is possible that customers may not find it attractive to pay an upfront charge of subscription of $40 . Additionally, if the price of customization Services is slightly lower than the general , prevalent price in the market, the firm may have a cost advantage. Hence, the financial analysis of the customization services is analysed at AUD35 per year. On the other hand, it is possible that For- U is under pricing the product and raising the prices may increase the revenue. Hence, an analysis is also conducted with the price of customization services at AUD 50 as subscription charges The results for both these analyses are given below. Calculations For Sensitivity Analysis Analysis for Freedom Jeans as a complimentary Good to the customization In this case, there is an additional costs of AUD 100,000. The additional expenditure of AUD 100,000 is depreciated over the period of 7 years. The revenues of AUD 75 X 2000 were added to the total revenues of the first year. The Revenue projections for the rest of the period of the remain unchanged. Same Taxes are applicable. All calculation methods are same as previously used. Table 4 The Revenues, Costs and Profit After Tax for the Addition of Line Total Revenues Total Costs of Goods Sold Total Profits Total Profits After Tax 2262000 1709914.28571429 552085.71428571 386459.999999997 2336640 1822558.28571429 514081.71428571 359857.199999997 2585356.8 1944863.96571429 640492.83428571 448344.983999997 2860751.62 2077759.39771429 782992.22228571 548094.555599997 3165709.01 2222270.11171429 943438.89828571 660407.228799997 3503428.01 2379530.04171429 1123897.96828571 786728.577799997 3877456.84 2550793.55971429 1326663.28028571 928664.296199997 Table 5 Net Present Value , Internal Rate of Return, Accounting Rate of Return with the Addition of Freedom Line Parameter Values Net Present Value 0 AUD Internal Rate of Return 14 ARR 0.113485171616551 The Net Present Value of the Investment is zero. It is possibly because the Rate of 14% per annum is the Internal Return Rate. Hence, 14% per annum was taken as Internal Return Rate. Customization Services are Priced Differently Table 5: Total Revenues When Customization Services are prices at $35 per Year Year Number of Customers Revenues From Sales in Jeans Revenues From Customization Total Revenues 1 36000 672,000 1260000 1932000 2 39600 752640 1386000 2138640 3 43560 842956.8 1524600 2367556.8 4 47916 944111.6 1677060 2621171.62 5 52,707.60 1057405 1844766 2902171.01 6 57,978.36 1184294 2029242.6 3213536.21 7 63776.2 1326409 2232167 3558575.84 Table 6 Total Profits and Profits After Tax for Customization Services at the Rate of $35 Per Year Total Revenues Total Costs of Goods Sold Total Profits Total Profits After Tax 1932000 1695628.57142857 236371.42857143 165460.000000001 2138640 1808272.57142857 330367.42857143 231257.200000001 2367556.8 1930578.25142857 436978.54857143 305884.984000001 2621171.62 2063473.68342857 557697.93657143 390388.555600001 2902171.01 2207984.39742857 694186.61257143 485930.628800001 3213536.21 2365244.32742857 848291.88257143 593804.317800001 3558575.84 2536506.87542857 1022068.96457143 715448.275200001 Table 7 Net Present Value , Internal Rate of Return, Accounting Rate of Return When Customization services are priced at $35 Parameter Value Net Present Value $103,333.33 XIRR 12 ARR 1.25124441575158 Table 8 Total Revenues when Customization Services are priced at $50 per year Year Number of Customers Revenues From Sales in Jeans Revenues From Customization Total Revenues 1 36000 672,000 1800000 2472000 2 39600 752640 1980000 2732640 3 43560 842956.8 2178000 3020956.8 4 47916 944111.6 2395800 3339911.62 5 52,707.60 1057405 2635380 3692785.01 6 57,978.36 1184294 2898918 4083211.61 7 63776.2 1326409 3188810 4515218.84 Table 9 Total Profits and Profits After Tax When Customization Services are Priced at $50 Total Revenues Total Costs Total Profits After Tax Total Profits After Tax 2472000 1695628.57142857 776371.42857143 543460.000000001 2732640 1808272.57142857 924367.42857143 647057.200000001 3020956.8 1930578.25142857 1090378.54857143 763264.984000001 3339911.62 2063473.68342857 1276437.93657143 893506.555600001 3692785.01 2207984.39742857 1484800.61257143 1039360.4288 4083211.61 2365244.32742857 1717967.28257143 1202577.0978 4515218.84 2536506.87542857 1978711.96457143 1385098.3752 Table 10 Net Present Value , Internal Rate of Return, Accounting Rate of Return When Customization Services are priced at AUD50 Parameter Value Net Present Value $92,339.89 XIRR 10 ARR 19.6341143681367 Other Considerations For Analysis: Business Sustainability The term business sustainability is very important in this context. Any sustainable business should be built on three pillars or Triple Bottom Line. This was a term introduced by John Elkington in 1994.(Hindle, 2009) and encompassed three aspects of Financial , Environmental and Social. Financial sustainability has been discussed above. However, modern firms have an added responsibility as member of the society and do not only seek financial gain but also seek to add net value to the society. The two other important considerations are mentioned below: Environmental: This aspect includes creating an environmentally sustainable value chain. The environmental aspect of the project may relate to reducing the carbon footprint of all processes in the value chain, making efforts to source environmentally sustainable products etc. Recommendations: Energy Reduction: For-U Jeans may have to start analysing the amount of energy input that is used in producing per unit of jeans and try to reduce it. The jeans are being customized. This implies that each pair of Jeans will be treated individually or would be treated with a small batch of other jeans This could possibly lead to an increase in energy use and the Company must try to keep its energy footprint to the minimum. (Bonini Gorner, 2011) Ecologically Sensitive Materials: The Company could also consider ecologically sensitive materials, organic materials, eco friendly paints etc. The Company could market these as a level of customization to the product i.e these could be included as customised options by the Company. Including ecologically sensitive materials may not necessarily affect the bottom line. Additionally, such an option could help market the product to the socially and environmentally conscious consumers by offering them a different modification of the same Social: The social aspect relates to the impact that the Company has on the society. Social sustainability starts with creating a better environment for the employees and can be extended to having a positive impact on the different members of the society that come in touch with the business. (Bonini Gorner, 2011) Recommendations: The firm can consider ethical sourcing by ensuring materials are purchased only from supplier that are certified by Fair Labour Certification. Alternatively, For- U could consider ethical sourcing by ensuring materials are purchased only from firms that do not employ any form of child labour Decision Analysis The decision analysis for this project is being done based on the Profits After Tax, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return as well as the accounting Rate of Return Scenario 1: Customization Services without the addition of Freedom Line The Net Present Value is lower that the Present Value. The Investment may make profits but it does not fulfill the criteria of 14% Required Rate of Return. The Accounting Rate of Return is 7%. This is not very high. Hence, although the project may make profits, it would not be a great investment , speaking in strictly monetary terms. Scenario 2: Customization Services with the addition of Freedom Line The Freedom line adds value in the form of profits. Additionally, the NPV was 0, thereby confirming that the Internal Rate of Return is 14%. This meets the company stated criteria of 14% . Hence, this would be a good investment. Scenario 3: Customization Services Prices at AUD 35 The profits are lower, even if NPV is same. This is not a good investment, even if the price of services may be attractive to the consumer. The accounting Rate of Return is very poor. Scenario 4: Customization Services Prices at AUD 50 Profits are higher and Internal Rate of Return is lower. Hence, from a point of view of analysis, this is a good investment. The price point of AUD 50 may not be attractive to customers and may lead to change in projections even if the accounting rate of return is low. Recommended Decision From an investment point of view, returns will be maximized if the revenues from the Freedom Line are added to the profits of Scenario 4 i.e when the customization services are prices at AUD 50 Recommendations for Financial Sustainability The firm can look to improve its costs by seeking to reduce its costs, in the operational and advertising department. The firm can seek to expand its consumer base by increasing advertising and marketing efforts. The firm can raise the costs of customization to $50 per year. Bibliography Public Sector Accounting Standards Board. (2001). Objective of General Purpose Financial Reporting of the Australian Accounting Research Foundation. Melbourne. Bonini, S., Gorner, S. (2011). The Business of Sustainability: Putting It into Practice. San Francisco: McKinsey company. Frederick, S. (1999). Discounting, Time Preference, and Identity. USA: Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University. Friedman, J. (2012, 06 11). 6 Business Benefits of Sustainability. Retrieved Spetember 16, 2017, from HuffPost: https://huffpost.com/us/entry/1576400 Gateway Credit Union Limited. (2013). General Purpose Financial Report for the year ended 30 June 2013. Melbourne: Gateway Credit Union Limited. Government of Commonwealth of Australia. (2006). Introduction to Cost Benefit Analysis and Alternative Evaluation Methodologies : Financial Management Reference Material. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Hindle, T. (2009, November 17). Triple Bottom Line. Retrieved Spetember 16, 2017, from The Economist. Martino, G., Fera, M., RafaeleIannone, Miranda, S. (2017). Supply chain Risk Assessment in the fashion Retain Industry: An Analytic Network Process Approach. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , 140-154. Seigel, J. G., Shim, J. K. (2000). Accounting Handbook. New York: Barron's education Series. Vesper, J. (2014, January 10). Risk Assessment Methods - James Vesper. YouTube.

Othello Othello Is A General In The Army Of Venice. He Is A Moor, A D

Othello: Othello is a general in the army of Venice. He is a Moor, a dark-skinned man born in Africa, and has risen through the ranks of the Venetian army through hard work and success in battle. He is a respected general, but less respected as a person, because of his dark skin and foreign roots. He is an honest man, and believes that people are honest. This makes him naive in many ways. Othello is a passionate man, and deeply loves Desdemona Desdemona: Desdemona is loyal, faithful, and passionately loves Othello. She is shrewd and wise, but is very subtle about it. Iago: Iago is Othello's sword-bearer. He has been passed over for the position of Lieutenant, and this draws out his evil nature. He feels that he has been wronged and cannot accept the position that Othello gives him. Iago is only concerned about himself and his position, and will sacrifice anyone to save himself and his interests. Act I It is night. Tush and Sblood open the play. Though both Roderigo and Iago display a vulgarity of language, Roderigo makes his mark as a gentleman against the coarse soldier speech of Iago. Whilst one of the curled darlings of the nation, he is certainly not darling to Brabantio nor to Desdemona whom he seeks. Iago reveals such a hatred of Othello shared not even by Brabantio. Roderigo may doubt it but it is one of the truest emotions Iago expresses in the play. In his first speech, one motive for his hatred may be found. Othello has chosen Michael Cassio to be his lieutenant instead of Iago and Iago has nothing but scorn for them both: Othello he describes as loving his own pride and purposes and horribly stuffed with epithets of war (1.1.11-13). As we will learn, there is some truth in these judgements. Iago thinks himself more suitable for the post than Cassio who he derides as a great arithmetician...that never set a squadron in the field / nor the division of battle know / more than a spinster... (1.1.18-23). He is not bookish like Cassio. He has practical experience of soldiering. Of him, Othello's eyes had seen proof - the same ocular proof that he demands from Iago of Desdemona's infidelity - at Rhodes, at Cyprus and on other grounds, Christian and heathen (1.1.27-29). Iago is referred to often throughout the play as my Ancient. The contrast has bitterness in it whenever he replies to Othello as my Lord or Cassio as Lieutenant. In Iago's speech on masters and servants (I.1.40ff), his true concept of his position is revealed and with it the philosophy underlying his malice if such a thing exists: I follow him to serve my turn upon him. / We cannot all be masters, nor all masters can be truly followed...In following him, I follow but myself (1.1.41-43, 57). He derides those who doting on his own obsequious bondage / wears out his time much like his master's ass (1.1.45-46) and praises those who keep yet their hearts attending on themselves / and, throwing but shows of service on their lords...do themselves homage (1.1.50-53). These men have some soul, he professes. His creed worships but himself, and his words suggest contempt for the souls who hold honesty and honour dear. I am not what I am, he concludes, yet Roderigo still trusts him, as do Cassio, Desdemona and Othello. That is Iago, honest Iago, ancient to them all but master at the same time. The first task Iago sets is to wake Brabantio and inform him that his daughter has eloped with Othello. This custom (called charivari) was not uncommon in a situation where one party disapproved of a match. Iago incites Roderigo to yell as when by night and negligence the fire / is spied in populous cities. This practical image serves well the simple mind of Roderigo and such imagery is employed to similar effect to incite Brabantio: Even now, very now, now, an old black ram / is tupping your white ewe (1.1.87- 88). If anything is to Arise, arise / the snorting citizens, it is language such as this. Brabantio's first impression of this as malicious bravery...to start my quiet is all too accurate. Iago declares that you have lost half your soul...your daughter covered by a Barbary horse...now making the beast with two backs. Iago, as throughout the play is creating an image ?

Term Paper on Personal Success

Term Paper on Personal Success Term Paper on Personal Success Term Paper on Personal SuccessThe term is coming to the end, and you have to make a term paper on personal success. However, no ideas come up to your mind yet. Well, it is not a problem either, as with the help of this article you will create a brilliant term paper on personal success and get an A+. Below, you will find useful tips on how to write a term paper as well as possible ideas to consider in it.The first step you need to take in order to write a good paper is to outline your ideas. What are you going to write about? What will be the focus of your paper? What angle are you going to consider your personal success from? What will you start and complete your paper with? What idea is going to be the first to consider in your college term paper on personal success? Which one should follow? Think over these questions before you start writing. After you organized your thoughts properly, pass to the additional information to include into your term paper on personal success. This m ay be a real life story, a quotation by a famous personality, or a rhetorical question. The most important thing is that you should gather the material that would gain the readers attention and arouse his/her interest. This strategy will help you single out and make your term paper on personal success exclusive.Next we would like to discuss is the structure of your term paper on personal success. Remember, a good term paper is an elaborately organized one. You have probably been given some instructions on how to structure your term paper on personal success. If you are at a loss for lack of ideas to develop in your term paper on personal success, take advantage of the ones suggested below:Is personal success in both life and career possible?Can personal success satisfy our needs in life completely?The importance of life goals in achieving personal success;Is personal success the result of sanity?A plan for personal success: does it always work?Does destiny play an important ro le in personal success achievement?The interrelation between personal success and self improvement.Finally, do not forget to revise and edit your term paper on personal success. We also recommend you take a break before you start checking your paper. A fresh mind will help you find more shortcomings in your writing. If writing an essay is a challenge for you, do not hesitate to try our professional term paper writing services online!

Ten Interview Tips for Green Card, Visa Applicants

Ten Interview Tips for Green Card, Visa Applicants Many immigration cases, including requests for green cards and visas for spouses, require interviews with officials from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. How you handle the interview could determine whether you win or lose your case. Here are 10 tips for interview success: 1. Dress for the Occasion. It’s human nature that immigration officers will form an opinion about you by the way you look. You don’t need to rent a tuxedo, but dress as if this is an important day in your life because it should be. Don’t wear T-shirts, flip-flops, shorts or tight pants. Dress conservatively and look as if you’re ready for serious business. Go easy on the perfume or cologne, too. There’s no law that says you have to dress as if you’re going to church. But if you wouldn’t wear it to church, don’t wear it to your immigration interview. 2. Don’t Create Complications. Don’t bring items to the immigration center that may violate security or cause problems for guards using scanners at the door: pocket knives, pepper spray, bottles with liquids, large bags. 3. Show Up On Time. Arrive at your appointment early and ready to go. Being punctual shows that you care and that you appreciate the officer’s time. Get off to a good start by being where you’re supposed to be when you’re supposed to be there. It’s a good idea to come at least 20 minutes early. 4. Put Your Cell Phone Away. This is not the day to be taking calls or scrolling through Facebook. Some immigration buildings do not permit bringing cell phones inside anyway. Don’t annoy your immigration officer by having a cell phone ring during your interview. Turn it off. 5. Wait for Your Attorney. If you’ve hired an immigration lawyer to be there with you, wait until he or she arrives to start your interview. If an immigration officer wants you to do your interview before your attorney arrives, politely refuse. 6. Take a Deep Breath and Be Confident That You’ve Done Your Homework. You have done your homework, haven’t you? Preparation is the key to a successful interview. And preparation also helps reduce stress. If you need to bring forms or records with you, make sure you have them and make sure you know what they say. Know your case better than anybody else. 7. Listen to the Officer’s Instructions and Questions. Interview day can get tense and sometimes you can forget to do the simple things like listening. If you don’t understand a question, politely ask the officer to repeat it. Then thank the officer for repeating it. Take your time and think about your response. 8. Bring an Interpreter. If you need to bring an interpreter to help understanding English, bring someone who is fluent and trustworthy to interpret for you. Don’t let language be a barrier to your success. 9.Be Truthful and Direct at All Times. Don’t make up answers or tell the officer what you think he wants to hear. Don’t joke with the officer or try to be evasive. Don’t make sarcastic remarks - especially about legally sensitive matters, such as drug use, bigamy, criminal behavior or deportation. If you honestly don’t know the answer to a question, it is much better to say you don’t know than to be untruthful or defensive. If it’s a marriage visa case and you’re interviewing with your spouse, show that you’re comfortable with each other. Be prepared for questions that may be specific and somewhat intimate about each other. Above all, don’t argue with your spouse. 10. Be Yourself. USCIS officers are trained and experienced in detecting people who are trying to be deceptive. Stay true to yourself, be genuine and stay honest.

Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sustainability - Essay Example ..7 SUSTAINABILITY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 REFERENCES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 FIGURE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦PAGE # Fig 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 INTRODUCTION:- There are extensive pressures on the nations to meet the water demands according ly because of international conflicts, economic crisis, poverty, and water availability etc. PCA states that only 0.3 percent of total water is can be used for drinking purposes (PCA, 2005).Global issues stated from the report that 1.1 billion people in developing countries having inadequate access to water (Global issues, 2010). Not only a management that is expert in the level is required but along with it there is a need to use alternatives water resources for the future water use that is affordable and even if it is not, then external funding for the transfer of the water is required. It tells us that sea water can be used in the developing countries for the different water use requirements. Although the water treatment for the sea water is not an easy task, but still it can be used as an alternative water source. Still the transferring of sea water to different parts of the developing countries could be costly, and extensive water supply engineering is required and a need to ma nage these water storage and transport facilities is a matter of cost and debate. National geographic society states that if water source is not within one kilometer range then per capita consumption drops to 5 liters/person (National Geographic News, 2003). The sea water hence could be used as a water resource in the developing countries, but along with this intervention, the need to recycle the sea water must also be taken into consideration. Specially for domestic purposes it could be used as a good alternatives source, but for drinking it depends on the area and geography, that either other clean drinking water resources are present in the country or not. The sea water could be used after the treatments such as distillation, electrolysis, and reverse osmosis. The countries such as Pakistan, Africa, India, Srilanka, Nepal, Srilanka, Bangladesh, Kenya, South Africa are the countries that are exposed with the sea water and these nations has from little to extensive problems of wate r scarcity or water quality. There is a need to design the treatment plants for sea water purification, the water transport facility, water supply engineering to closely related areas, and the reservoirs for containment. Houston news states that non-profit organization brings ways to solve the problems of third world countries (Houston News, 2011). Also Life Science states that 15000 desalination plants are there in the world working and more with cheaper costs are estimated (Life science, 2011). SPECIFICATION:- These are the stated initial design specifications that are important for the project to be implemented. Rough design requirements for the

The Women of Alwal Alis Tribe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Women of Alwal Alis Tribe - Essay Example Lila Abu-Lughod describes the cultural phenomena of an Awlad ‘Ali people found in Egypt. The basis of her research is on dynamics existing in different genders with a concern on the rights of women in the Middle East, the link existing between the power and cultural forms, the representation as far as politics is concerned. Lila Abu-Lughod in her work about the veiling sentiments brings out the importance of covering of the head among the women. Once a woman comes across an elderly man, she is supposed to cover her head as a sign of respect for the elderly. This is not the case in case the same woman would come across a younger man. It is essential to note that, the women covered their heads, which was seen as a sign of respect to the elderly, were solely meant for the Bedouin men. The Bedouin women do not cover their head when they come across other elderly men from other communities. â€Å".One notes the distinctive glint of silver on her wrist, a vibrant full-length dress g athered at the waist by a red cummerbund and a head covered in black (Abu-Lughod, 1986:2).† In case, any woman declines to use the head cover or the red belt, this action is termed as the scandalous or inappropriate. In the ethnography, the author brings about the concept of marriage among the Awlad ‘Ali tribe.

Sensation and Perception Essay Example for Free

Sensation and Perception Essay Mental development is a continuous process starting even from the infancy stage. But during certain stages certain activities are more prevalent. During the first few months there will be rapid development of sensory function. The child’s response to a stimulus is influenced not by the sensory stimulus, but by the effects of past experience also. The sensory stimulus separated from past experience is called sensation. The stimulus interpreted and loaded with meanings and ideas are called perception. I have asked my wife and two young kids aging 11 years and 6 years in my family. When we were sitting in our wide hall room after the dinner, I told them that I am going to conduct a memory test for them. I called them one by one and asked each of them to observe the brown objects in the hall room for one minute. Then I asked them to close their eyes and tell me the names of each of them. My wife has correctly told me about 12 objects out of the 14 in my hall room. My elder daughter recollected 10 and the younger one 7. Based on the above facts we can conclude that the perception of elder ones better than the younger ones. This is quite natural since the elder ones always have more experience and more developed intellectual levels than the younger ones. When a sense organ comes in contact with a stimulus, the nerve endings connected with the sense organ become stimulated and this produces a nerve energy which is passed on to the central nervous system and is carried to the area sensory area of brain. The stimulus is interpreted and loaded with meanings and ideas. Now it can be called as perception. Though this is a simple experiment, it involves lot of complicated activities of our senses and the brain. The outcome of this experiment is little bit surprising for me. Even the 37 year old my wife could not tell me the complete list of brown objects, but at the same time the 6 year old kid identified 7 objects out of the 14. My 11 year kid has identified 1o which is just 2 less than her mother. This is because of the fact that the intellectual levels or the sensations and perceptions of individuals are different.

An Analytical Approach to Truth and Religion Essay -- Philosophy Relig

An Analytical Approach to Truth and Religion ABSTRACT: I discuss some of the problems of the application of the notion of truth to religion. After introductory remarks on the problem called truth and religion to show the peculiarity and the actuality of the problem discussed, I examine the different meanings of the notions of truth and religion, in order to formulate some comments on the different concepts of the truth of religion. I name the main types of religious truth, and consider the competencies of the diverse types of the study of religion to determine the truth of religion, and to analyze how to understand the truth of distinct types of religion. I conclude with some remarks on the appropriate approach to the question of the truth of religion. The considerations show that there is no simple answer to the question of the truth of religion in general or in particular. As it turns out the answer requires some relativizations, among others to the notion of truth and of religion. The notions of true religion and credibility of religion, though at first sight distinct, seem to condition each other. The notion of the truth of religion can be a valuable instrument of interpretation of religious phenomena not only in philosophy and theology of religion, but in the social sciences of religion too. Introductory remarks Justification of a religious point of view usually consists in attempts to prove that some particular religion is true. In my paper I will discuss some problems arising when the notion of truth is applied to religion. I first focus on analyzing complexity and conditions of the question about truth of religion in order to determine various meanings which could be ascribed to the expression "truth of religio... ...uth, New York 1967. Streng F. J., Truth, in: M. Eliade (editor in chief), The Encyclopedia of Religion, vol. 15, New York-London 1987, 63-72. Vroom H. M., Religions and the Truth. Philosophical Reflections and Perspectives (Currents of Encounter, vol. 2), Amsterdam 1990. Walker R. C. S., Theories of Truth, in: B. Hale, C. Wright (ed.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Language, Oxford 1997, 309-330. Wiebe D., Religion and Truth. Towards and Alternative Paradigm for the Study of Religions, The Hague, Paris, New York 1981. Waardenburg J. (ed.), Classical Approaches to the Study of Religion. Aims, Methods and Theories of Research, vol. 1: Introduction and Anthology; vol. 2: Bibliography, The Hague, Paris 1973-1974. Whaling F. (ed.), Contemporary Approaches to the Study of Religion, vol. 1: The Humanities, vol. 2: The Social Sciences, New York 1984-1985.

Dogfight over Europe: Ryanair Essay

Ryanair was launched at a time that did not seem highly favorable to the airline industry. As a matter of facts, in 1986, the market was still recovering from the aftermaths of the OPEC oil embargo and the 1979’s oil crisis which led to an important increase in the jet oil prices, along with a recession that cut demand for air travel and thus gave an impulse to the aircrafts’ cheaper substitutes, such as trains and ferries. Despite that high bargaining power of suppliers and threat of substitution products that made the external environment unfavorable, the Ryan brothers’ wish to launch their airline did not diminish. The company’s first service was launched in 1985 between the southeastern Irish city of Waterford and Gatwick Airport, located on the outskirts of London. One year later, the newborn company started operating between Dublin and the British capital. Two majors Airlines operated on this latter route at that time: British Airways and Aer Lingus, the Irish flag-carrier company. Moreover, some strong US airlines reached out for new routes into Europe after the deregulation of the domestic US airline industry, which made the pressure of competitors even more intense in the airline industry. Last but not least, charter flights, which thrived during the 1960’s to bypass the European regulations and to tap the increasing demand for leisure travel, were transporting 60% of all European passengers by the mid-1980’s. Despite this high unwelcoming rivalry in the market, Ryanair made the choice to focus on the challenging Dublin-London route, which was reputed to be quite lucrative for both British and Irish flag-carriers. At that time, data showed that three-quarters of a million round-trip Dublin-London travelers opted to use rail and sea ferries rather than aircraft. This information, highlighting the high pressure and threat that the airline industry was undergoing on behalf of the substitution products, confirmed the unattractive character of the local market. In spite of this fact, Ryanair initiated service on the Dublin-London route in 1986, using a 44-seat turboprop during its early stages. Ryanair adopted a launch strategy that differentiated it from its competitors in two main ways. First, it employees would focus on delivering first-rate customer service; second, the company would charge a simple, single fare for a ticket with no restriction, while British Airways was offering a spectrum of ticket prices with varying restriction and the full range of classes of service. The company publicized its first Dublin-London service fare of I £98 dollars, whereas Aer Lingus’ and BA’s least expensive, unrestricted round-trip fares on the route were priced at I £208. At the same time, Ryanair would offer meals and amenities comparable to what Aer Lingus and British Airways provided. Thus, the newborn company benefited from the beginning from a distinctive business model focused on low operational costs and low fares, but which was not undermining the quality of its services. These low operational costs are partly linked to the company’s choice to operate on secondary airports, located outside London. Indeed, Gatwick and Luton airports were charging low landing and take-off charges compared to Heathrow main airport, which allowed Ryanair to keep its overhead costs at a lower level than British Airways, and thus gave it a competitive advantage toward other airline companies. However, this choice of secondary airports could also arise as a weakness of the company, since it prevents it from reaching a broader target of customers who predominately go through main airports such as Heathrow. Finally, British airways’ and Aer Lingus’ tickets for the Dublin-London round-trip were priced at I £153 higher than the cheapest rail-ferry ticket (costing I £55), which may have deterred most travelers of flying the route. When launched, Ryanair charged fares which were only I £43 higher than the rail-and-ferry ones’ for this journey. Knowing that the journey took nine hours by rail and ferry and only one hour by air, the newborn company could therefore tap into a segment of customers who might be ready to pay an additional I £43 for gaining 8 hours while travelling comfortably, which might be a valuable offer. Thus, this pricing strategy could enable the company to gain large shares in the market of these potential customers. (2) How do you expect (a) Aer Lingus and (b) British Airways to respond? And why do you expect each of them to respond that way? Ryanair’s launch is 1986 put a pressure on its two major competitors who are operating on the same challenging Dublin-London route. Indeed, the newborn company, benefiting from low costs, setting low fares, but offering a similar level of quality, would rapidly gain market shares over its competitors. British Airways and Aer Lingus had therefore to respond on an efficient way to retaliate to Ryanair’s entry in the airline industry. a) When Ryanair was launched, Aer Lingus domestic and European routes earned a modest operating profit while its trans-Atlantic flights sustained operating losses for the sixth time in seven year. Despite these difficulties, Aer Lingus, whose main profits where coming from its diversification in the hotel business (among others), was still backed by the Irish government, and aiming at its objectives of providing an air transport service that was â€Å"safe, efficient, reliable, and profitable†. Moreover, for being the only Irish airline before Ryanair, the company, which was touting the many benefits it brought to the Irish community, might have been benefiting from a good reputation and reliability in its local market. Thus, thanks to the state support but also to its reputation, Aer Lingus operations’ were well established in Europe, but also in the United States, where the airline has been operating for years. These resources and capabilities, reinforced by the recent successful introduction of a computer reservation system, therefore gave to the company a – temporary – advantage toward the newborn Ryanair. To retaliate to this latter’s entry, we expect that Aer Lingus reduces its European routes’ fares to match Ryanair’s ones. Thus, relying on its value of â€Å"safety† and â€Å"efficiency†, and implementing a low cost / low fares business model on its European and domestic flights, the company could protect its market shares from Ryanair’s prospective growing success. Besides, it may be all the more attractive to customers since it was spending tens of millions of pounds in renewing its fleet of jets, while Ryanair was just starting to operate with turboprops, and still did not have permission to fly larger jet aircraft on the route. b) As Ryanair started operating in 1986, British airways (BA) had been earning record profits for the last years, and its forthcoming privatization in 1987 was planned to improve these performances. The company’s strategy was mainly focusing on international routes and intercontinental flights. Indeed, BA was operating one of the world’s most extensive airline route networks, serving 145 destinations in 68 countries. This focus is highlighted by the fact that international journeys accounted for roughly two thirds of the seats that the company sold, and nine tenth of its revenues. One of British Airways’ advantages is its establishment in Heathrow airport, a major international transportation hub, through which 80% of the company’s passengers were passing. This focus on London’s main airport therefore arises as a competitive advantage toward Ryanair, whose flights, which are taking off and landing in secondary airports, hamper it from reaching a broader target of customers. Besides, British Airways’ large range of offers, implying from first class to economy tickets, distinguishes it from a low cost company as Ryanair, and may also arise as an advantage to some customers, looking for a better quality of service. As a result of this importance differentiation in service, and from our analysis, British Airways’ reaction to Ryanair entry should not be as thundering as Aer Lingus’ one. Indeed, BA already operates on a different segment than Ryanair, targeting business class and international customers. Since BA is mainly operating on international flights from and to main airports, Ryanair’s new focus on point-to-point flights and minimizing overhead costs should not arise as a threat to the British company. Moreover, with the prospective deregulation of the European airline industry whose foundations were laid by the 1986 Single European Act, British Airways should benefit from a major opportunity to expand to new European routes, relying on its valuable international experience. These forthcoming benefits and growth therefore make British Airways a company which does not â€Å"share the same playground† with Ryanair.

“Digging” Analysis Essay

In many families, fathers take pride in receiving remarks regarding their sons such as â€Å"He’s a chip off the ol’ block† or â€Å"like father like son,† often exalting the sons who have followed in their fathers’ vocational footsteps. In â€Å"Digging,† by Seamus Heaney, the speaker describes the quintessential potato farming tradition that his father and grandfather partake in, while the speaker himself observes through a window barrier. Seamus Heaney, through his use of imagery, repetition, and extended metaphors, reveals his feelings in straying away from Irish tradition to follow his own path in writing. In his poem, Heaney utilizes imagery to further emphasize the speaker’s action in choosing a different job than potato farming. The speaker begins at a windowsill, with a â€Å"squat pen† resting â€Å"as snug as a gun† in his hand. Heaney’s description connotes a sense of defense, almost as if the narrator sees himself as an old wilderness-survival junkie, sitting on the porch with a gun to defend his property from government officials, but in â€Å"Digging,† the speaker defends his choice in jobs. Later on in the poem, the speaker describes the actions of a potato harvester, who must endure the â€Å"cold smell of potato mold [and] the squelch and slap of soggy peat.† Heaney’s images of mold and soggy mud convey the speaker’s true feeling and apprehension toward the sickening, gross environment in which his father and grandfather work. In the same way, Heaney’s repetition further alludes to the speaker’s need and desire to write. In the first and last stanzas of the poem, the speaker repeats the same sentence: â€Å"Between my finger and my thumb / The squat pen rests.† As a starting point in the poem, the speaker directly jumps to his comfort zone—describing his love for putting pen to paper, yet as an ending note, the narrator reemphasizes his possession of not only the pen, but of his life choices. Also, Heaney often uses the word â€Å"digging† as a separate prepositional phrase during a sentence, reiterating the word to simply give the reader a sense of the mundane life his father is living. There are no adverbs surrounding the word; simply put, the speaker evokes a sense of nothingness that is associated with â€Å"digging† a hole in the ground, only to fill said hole with a potato and cover it back up—a menial task for which he has no inclination. Again, Heaney repeats some phrases in order to accentuate his aversion to the job of potato harvesting. Lastly, Heaney implements extended metaphors throughout his poem to subtly convey his feelings towards his father’s tradition. As stated earlier, the repetition of â€Å"digging† also connotes a deeper meaning—the speaker, while also observing his father literally dig through the mud and peat, figuratively digs through his memories of his family, recalling the days when he would help his grandfather out in â€Å"Toner’s bog.† In the second to last verse, the speaker alludes to revisiting the past by stating the â€Å"living roots awaken in my head.† The roots, although they can refer to the physical roots in the ground, symbolize the narrator’s family roots in potato farming, a culture that is associated with digging into the ground to find food and money in the form of potatoes. In the end, the speaker ends the metaphor of digging, noting he will â€Å"dig,† but not with the spade, but with his pen. Seamus Heaney’s poem â€Å"Digging† tells a tale of a man musing about his decision to leave behind family convention. Heaney employs a series of images that convey the speaker’s feelings, repetition to show the narrator’s dislike of potato harvesting, and metaphors to provide an underlying message about tradition. In the end, the speaker is left commenting on the spade, his father and grandfather’s tool of choice, while he himself chooses the pen.

USA became the most powerful economy in the world

During the 1920s, USA became the most powerful economy in the world, there are many reasons for this which will be explained in the main part of my essay. After the First World War Woodrow Wilson wanted to play a part in shaping the peace. He came up with 14 points, one of them was the idea of a League of Nations, and he wanted USA to play a leading role in world politics. Unfortunately his political position was already weak, the American senate was worried that this would permanently involve USA in European affairs and rejected the treaties, meaning that they never joined the League of Nations. This helped the American Economy as they did not have to spend money on armed forces there was no threat to them because of the natural barriers of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. They also had Mexico to the South and Canada to the North, both friendly countries, which left money for new industries, effectively putting America first.This leads on to the American governments views on how the extra money put toward new businesses was used. The attitudes of the American government towards business and industry The attitudes of the American government was to give the business leaders a free hand to make maximum profits, the regulations over businesses were minimised, the government was said to have been restored to its position as Umpire instead of player by Herbert Hoover in a speech during the presidential Election in 1928. This encouraged people to work hard as they kept most of what their profits, although due to the lack of regulations, a lot of people were exploited.Some people who were exploited more than the average American were immigrants. Between 1820 and 1920, over 35 million immigrants reached USA, most were from Britain and Northern Europe and were Protestant, but after 1880 more came from Eastern Europe, Japan and China, in the 1920s the ideal citizen wa...

10th Grade College Planning 7 Early Steps

10th Grade College Planning 7 Early Steps SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In your sophomore year, you may start to feel anxiety about college, or you may believe that you don't have to think about college yet. While I'm not a proponent of intense worrying and don't think stress is healthy, you should start planning for college in 10th grade. In this article, I'll walk you through the steps you should be taking in 10th grade to maximize your college options and reach your college goals. Also, I'll let you know which aspects of the college process you don't have to worry about yet. #1: Start Thinking About College - It’s Not Too Early It's definitely not too early to start planning for college in 10th grade.Much of what you do in 10th grade will impact your college applications and influence admissions decisions. Also, if you make attending college a goal while you're a 10th grader, you’ll be more likely to stay on theright track and eventually enroll. #2: Take the Right Classes Developing a solid academic track record is the most important part of 10th grade college planning. The classes you take will greatly influence your college options. Talk to your counselor to ensure that you’re on a college prep track. Also, you can look at various college websites to see the course requirements for admission. Colleges will evaluate you based on the classes you’ve taken. Selective colleges want to see that you’re challenging yourself and taking some of the hardest classes that are offered at your school. You don’t have to take every single honors or AP class, but, to get into elite schools, you should demonstrate that you can do well in the most difficult classes. Also, you should be taking prerequisites for classes you're considering taking later. For example, you may need to take regular or honors chemistry if you want to take AP Chemistry in your junior year. I advise taking honors or AP classes in the subjects you're best at and the subjects you're considering studying in college. Some high schools offer AP classes to sophomores and some don't. If possible, you may want to consider taking an AP class in 10th grade to strengthen your schedule and get a feel for AP classes. Here's an example of a good sophomore year schedule for a student who wants to be competitive for admission to selective colleges. Note that this is just a rough guide, and you can take a more or less challenging schedule depending on your skill level and the courses offered at your high school: Honors Chemistry Algebra II Honors English World History Honors Spanish II PE Elective Ohfooyhy/Flickr #3: Focus on YourGrades Your sophomore year grades do matter for college admissions. Most colleges will focus on yoursophomoreand junior year grades when making admissions decisions. To colleges, your grades are a reflection of your work ethic and ability to succeed in college. Also, your grades in your sophomore year will influence your high school GPA and class rank. Furthermore, if you get good grades in your sophomore year, you’ll be more likely to get good grades in your junior and senior years. You’ll have developed the skills and habits that will allow you to continue to be successful academically. Learn more about how to get a 4.0 and better grades. If you don’t do as well as you’d like in your sophomore year, it doesn’t necessarily mean that your college dreams are shattered, though. Colleges do like to see continued improvement, and if you do better in your junior year, that will strengthen your college applications. #4: Stay (or Get) Involved in Extracurriculars Other than your grades and test scores, your extracurricular activities probably have the biggest influence on the quality of your college applications. Colleges, especially top colleges, want their students to have exceptional achievements outside of the classroom, and they’re looking for individuals who use their leisure time to pursue their passions. Some students believe they need to be well-rounded and do many extracurriculars; however, for college admissions, it may be more advantageous for you to develop a â€Å"spike† and exhibit excellence in a particular activity or field. If you play a sport, you can focus your energies on reaching the highest level in your sport and becoming a recruited athlete. If you excel in science, you can use your time outside of school to prepare for and compete in science fairs and competitions. Additionally, you can take extra science classes at a community college or volunteer to help a professor with research. You should be participating in extracurricular activities during your sophomore year of high school. In 10th grade, you should choose activities that you'll try to stay with for the rest of high school, or you should attempt to advance and gain leadership positions in activities you've already started. Colleges prefer to see a sustained commitment to your activities. It's more impressive to show growth and achievement in the same activities than it is to start doing a bunch of activities in your junior year. If you're musically inclined, you can join the orchestra. Image source:Mark/Flickr #5: Start Preparing for the SAT/ACT Starting to prepare for the SAT/ACT in your sophomore year will give you ample time to master the concepts and strategies that will allow you to reach your target score. Learn how to study for the SAT/ACT as a 10th grader. We recommend that you take the SAT/ACT for the first time by the fall of your junior year. If you familiarize yourself with key concepts and take a few practice tests during your sophomore year, you'll have a good head start on your studying. Then, if you do thorough preparation in the summer before your junior year, you should feel confident and prepared when you take the test. Giving yourself a full year of studying will enable you to assess your strengths and weaknesses. Once you know where you’re struggling, you can focus on improving your weaknesses and track your progress. Additionally, studying for the SAT/ACT can help you with your schoolwork. In the Math sections, the SAT and ACT test you on algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. Depending on the level of math you’re taking, studying for the SAT/ACT can help you with your current math class or a math class you’ll be taking in the future. Furthermore, practicing for the other sections will improve your reading comprehension, knowledge of grammar, and essay writing skills. Finally, you should take the PSAT or PreACT during your sophomore year. These tests are designed to prepare you for the actual SAT and ACT. You’ll be able to simulate real testing conditions and effectively assess your current skill level. You’ll get a detailed score report that will enable you to identify and hone your weak points. Also, you’ll get more customized SAT instruction from Khan Academy if you take the PSAT. #6: Research Colleges When you’re a sophomore in high school, you don’t need to know which college you want to go to. You don’t even need to have much of an idea of which colleges you want to apply to. However, you should be learning about colleges. You can get a better idea of what you need to do to get admitted. Google "PrepScholar (name of school) admissions" to get the acceptance rates, average GPAs, and average standardized test scores for different schools. If you know the grades and test scores you'll need to get into different colleges, that can help motivate you to stay on track. Additionally, you should start thinking about what you’re looking for in a college. What do you want to study? Would you be more comfortable at a large school or a small liberal arts college? What geographic region do you want to be in? You can play around with college finders to get an idea of different schools that may be good for you. Furthermore, you can look at college search websites, guidebooks, and ranking lists to get a better idea of your college options. Visit local college campuses to see what they're like and get a small taste of college life. It's fine if you're unsure at this point what you want in a college, especially because it's very possible that you'll change your mind before you graduate from high school. However, it's a good idea to start thinking about college, educating yourself about your college options, and learning what you have to do to be a competitive applicant. Read up on colleges. #7: Learn About How to Pay for College Many students (and their parents) stress that they’ll be unable to afford college and won’t be able to pursue a college education. It’s important to know that there are scholarships and financial aid available that can substantially ease the financial burden of attending college. If your parents are worried that they won’t be able to send you to school, you can have them read about the different types of financial aid and how to save for college. If you don’t think you can count on your parents to contribute financially to help to pay for college, then you can inform yourself about how you can pay for college on your own. Also, you can look for scholarships that will help cover college costs. At this point in the college planning process, you should proceed with the thought that your financial situation won’t get in the way of your college dreams. Furthermore, the better you do in school and on your standardized tests, the more likely you’ll be to receive merit scholarships to help pay for school. What Not to Worry About While you should be thinking about how to plan for college in the 10th grade, know that you still have time to prepare yourself for college. Try to avoid stressing too much about college now. Do your best to enjoy your sophomore year, have fun, and cultivate meaningful friendships. Here are some specific aspects of planning for college that you don’t have to be too concerned about in the 10th grade. The Best College for You While it’s great to have goals and dreams, you don’t need to know where you want to go to college in the 10th grade. You don’t even need to figure out where you’re applying until the start of your senior year. Furthermore, as you mature and learn more about different colleges, you may very well change your dream school. You could decide to pursue a different career path or change what you’re looking for in a college. There’s nothing wrong with adjusting your goals or priorities. At this point in your high school career, you should spend the majority of your time developing the skills and qualifications to give yourself as many college options as possible. Perhaps you’re assuming now that you’ll go to your local state college that may not be overly selective. Maybe its incoming students have an average GPA of 3.2. However, if in the summer before your senior year, you decide that you want to go to a more selective college, you’ll have many more options if you have a 3.8 GPA. Or maybe now you’re dreaming of going to Harvard. If you make yourself a qualified Harvard applicant, but you end up deciding you’d rather pursue a BS/MD program, you’ll likely still be in a good position to reach your college goals. If you follow an effective plan, you can reach your college goals. Getting a Top SAT/ACT Score Even though it’s good to start your SAT/ACT studying in your sophomore year, you don’t need to reach your target score in the 10th grade. Generally, you have up until December of your senior year to take these tests. Even if you’re trying to get a National Merit Scholarship, you don’t have to get a qualifying score on your PSAT/NMSQT until your junior year. Try not to get too frustrated if you’re not getting the scores you want on your practice tests. At this point, it’s most important to keep improving and learn what you need to do to get better. What's Next? Are you starting your SAT studying? Learn how to get a perfect SAT or ACT score. Do you want to learn more about how to apply for college? Check out our expert guide. Are you thinking about staying close to home for college? Read our article about how to determine if you should go to a school near you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Brand Evolution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Brand Evolution - Assignment Example The celebrity brand of Christina Aguilera and Britney Spears represents their individual lifestyles, values, personality, emotion and the desires that two celebrities are identified directly with. It is notable that the concept of the two brands has gone a step further to be associated with a sub-culture in the society mainly through their fans. Most of the consumers who are the fans are characterized with high-involvement where they have emotionally invested in the brand. The two brands in the 21st century have had subculture notably the young people in the society notably ladies identifying themselves. Both Christina Aguilera and Britney Spears brands have highly emotionally invested in the lifestyle the brand represents.Comparing the two career paths that both Aguilera and spears have taken illuminates how their brands are influential in the contemporary societies all over the world. Christina Aguilera and Britney Spears became famous and rose to superstardom almost at the same ti me. This childhood competition in various events contributed greatly to the development of the two identity brands of the two singers. Their differences are as compelling as their similarities in the various aspects of performance and entertainment dimensions. Aguilera and Spears were born in 1980 and 1981 respectively and they both competed as young girls in most of the local competitions during their childhood.  Their brand development began as they acted in various precocious talents by auditioning for "The Mickey Mouse Club,†.... Both Christina Augilera and Britney Spears brands have highly emotionally invested in the lifestyle the brand represents. BRAND DEVELOPMENT Comparing the two career paths that both Aguilera and spears have taken illuminates how their brands are influential in the contemporary societies all over the world. Christina Augilera and Britney Spears became famous and rose to superstardom almost at the same time. During their time it was regarded as the battle of the blondes, they competed since childhood and there is no clear winner between the two. This childhood competition in various events contributed greatly to the development of the two identity brands of the two singers. They were both talented artists, and their differences are as compelling as their similarities in the various aspects of performance and entertainment dimensions (Beverly 2005). Aguilera and Spears were born in 1980 and 1981 respectively and they both competed as young girls in most of local competitions during their childhood. Their brand development began as they acted in various precocious talents by auditioning for "The Mickey Mouse Club,†. This was a popular TV show in USA where Aguilera auditioned in 1991 and waited two years until she was older. Aguilera boosted her career in performance and singing marking quickly her place as a diva with a powerful voice suitable for singing. Britney Spears on the other hand began her brand creation in 1992 joining "The Mickey Mouse Club† where Aguilera had signed a year ago. This marked the beginning of their brand establishment being part of one team. Until the cancellation in 1994 Spears and Aguilera stayed on the show and they did a number of numerous performances together on the show. Attributed to this fact is that the two

What was Harper Lees affect on American Literature Term Paper

What was Harper Lees affect on American Literature - Term Paper Example Nelle Harper Lee is one of the greatest American authors of the contemporary literature world. She rose to fame when her novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† selected for the 1960 Pulitzer Prize. The major theme of this novel is her childhood memories about racism. Apart from Pulitzer Prize, â€Å"She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom on Tuesday November 6, 2007 for her services to literature by President George W. Bush at the White House in Washington D.C. She was also awarded the 2010 National Medal of the Arts for her services to literature† (Biography for Harper Lee). This paper analyses the biography and contributions of Harper Lee to American literature. Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926, to Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Cunningham Finch Lee. Harper Lee grew up in the small southwestern Alabama town of Monroeville. Her father, a former newspaper editor and proprietor, was a lawyer who also served on the state legislature (1926-38) (Biography of Harper Lee (1926-)) Harper Lee showed immense interest in reading literature even from her childhood. She was very much interested in establishing friendship with others and was eager to learn more and more things from her friends. She was very much sensitive and was eager to analyze or learn more about the incidents happening around her during her childhood. â€Å"Lee was only five years old in when, in April 1931 in the small Alabama town of Scottsboro, the first trials began with regard to the purported rapes of two white women by nine young black men† (Biography of Harper Lee (1926-)). ... After graduating in 1944, she went to the all-female Huntingdon College in Montgomery. Lee stood apart from the other students—she could have cared less about fashion, makeup, or dating. Instead, she focused on her studies and on her writing. Lee was a member of the literary honor society and the glee club (Harper Lee Biography) â€Å"Harper Lee graduated from Monroeville High School in her hometown in Alabama in 1943. She then attended Huntingdon College in Montgomery, Alabama, where she completed most of her core classes from 1944 to 1945† (Benson). â€Å"She studied law at the University of Alabama, and spent a year studying as an exchange student at Oxford. She never completed law school, and moved to New York to pursue a career as a writer† (Southern Writers Tour - Harper Lee). Lee’s law studies happened during the period of 1945-49. â€Å"During the 1950s, she worked as an airline reservation clerk with Eastern Air Lines and British Overseas Airways †((Nelle) Harper Lee (1926-)). In fact Lee studied law with an intention to help the black community as much as possible. However, she realized that as an advocate she has limitations in providing enough social justice to the black community. The above realization forced her to stop her Law studies and to concentrate more on writing articles. In 1957 Miss Lee submitted the manuscript of her novel to the J. B. Lippincott Company. She was told that her novel consisted of a series of short stories strung together, and she was urged to rewrite it. For the next two and a half years she reworked the manuscript with the help of her editor, Tay Hohoff, and in 1960 TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD was published (Harper Lee Bio) To Kill a Mockingbird was Lee's first and last novel. â€Å"Lee

Why extrinsic reward systems may not work well in some organizations Assignment

Why extrinsic reward systems may not work well in some organizations - Assignment Example That need hierarchies can differ between organizations, cultures, and indeed, among individuals within the same organization and therefore should not be overlooked by a manager. Rewards must be examined and analyzed in terms of according the right motivation to the employees depending on their needs that majority of the personnel exhibit in the organization. Rewards consist of two types: the intrinsic (personal) and the extrinsic (material). According to the Business Dictionary, an intrinsic reward is an â€Å"outcome that gives an individual internal (personal) satisfaction such as that derived from a job well done† (Business Dictionary, 2010, par. 1). On the other hand, an extrinsic reward means â€Å"common, routine, or known-reward which, because it was expected by the recipient employee, does not lead to his or her greater satisfaction; these are analogous to hygiene factors† (Business Dictionary, 2010, par. 1). Some organizations do not provide incentives that would address to satisfy material needs or lower level needs of the employees (hygiene factors) because while Maslow’s theory suggests that all needs are motivators so long as they remain unsatisfied, in Herzberg’s scheme, only higher-order needs are motivators. In this regard, organizations tend to focus on giving intrinsic rewards such as recognition, advancement, achievement and responsibility that is perceived to be intrinsically rewarding to majority of their personnel in the long